New Russia Barometer XVII (March 2008)
Q1. Do you think that events in our country are today moving generally in
the right direction or that our country is on the wrong track?
1 Right direction
2 Wrong track
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q2. Have you and your family already adapted to the changes that happened
in the country during the last ten years; or do you think you will adapt in
the near future; or do you think you can never adapt to them?
1 Have adapted
2 Will adapt in near future
3 Can never adapt
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q3. On the whole, do you feel confidence in the future?
1 Yes
2 Probably yes
3 Probably no
4 No
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q4. What would you say about your mood in recent days? (SHOW CARD, one answer)
1 Excellent
2 Normal, balanced
3 Tense, irritated
4 Fear, melancholy
9 (DON’T READ) Don't know
Q5a. How would you assess your family’s present material condition?
(SHOW CARD)
1 Very good
2 Good
3 In between
4 Bad
5 Very Bad
9 (DON’T READ) Don't know
Q5b. How would you assess Russia’s present economic situation? (SHOW
CARD)
1 Very good
2 Good
3 In between
4 Bad
5 Very Bad
9 (DON’T READ) Don't know
Q6. Which of the following statements is most relevant to the current situation?
(SHOW CARD)
1 Things are not so bad and it is possible to live;
2 Life is difficult but one can nevertheless endure it;
3 Our miserable situation has become unbearable;
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know.
Q7a. Taking into account ALL YOUR life circumstances, would you say that in
the last year your life and the life of your family has become:?
1 Much better
2 Somewhat better
3 Much the same
4 Somewhat worse
5 Much worse
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q7b. And in a year, do you think you will live:?
1 Much better
2 Somewhat better
3 Much the same
4 Somewhat worse
5 Much worse
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q8. And speaking of THE COUNTRY AS A WHOLE, do you think that in a year, life
will be:?
1 Much better
2 Somewhat better
3 Much the same
4 Somewhat worse
5 Much worse
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q9. On the whole do you approve or disapprove of the performance of:
1 Approve / 2 Disapprove
a. Vladimir Putin as President of Russia
b. Dmitry Medvedev as First Deputy Prime Minister
c. The government of Russia as a whole
d. The governor of your oblast (president of republic/mayor of Moscow)
Q10. Do you think that now market reforms should be continued or that they
should cease?
1 Should be continued
2 Should cease
9 (DON’T READ) Don't know
Q11. How would you evaluate the general political situation in Russia?
1 Favourable
2 Quiet
3 Tense
4 Critical, explosive
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q12. Do you think that within a year our life will become somewhat better,
or that no improvement will happen?
1 Somewhat better
2 No improvement
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q13. Do you think the current government of Russia can improve the situation
in the country in the next year?
1 Definitely yes
2 Probably yes
3 Probably no
4 Definitely no
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q14a. What do you think awaits Russia in the forthcoming months in politics?
(SHOW CARD)
1 Improve a lot
2 Improve some
3 Worsen some
4 Worsen a lot
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q14b. What do you think Russia can expect in the economy in the coming several
months? (SHOW CARD)
1 Improve a lot
2 Improve some
3 Worsen some
4 Worsen a lot
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q15. What do you think is more important for Russia now: a high rate of growth
of production and lowering the rate of price increases? (One answer)
1 High rate of growth of production
2 Lowering the rate of price increases
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q16a. Have you heard of national programmes for education, health, provision
of housing and agriculture?
1 Very familiar with these programmes
2 Heard something about them
3 Never heard of them
Q16b. Do you think the realization of the “national programmes has brought
significant improvements in:
a. education
b. health
c. provision of housing
d. agricultural production
(SHOW CARD)
1 Definitely yes
2 Probably yes
3 Probably no
4 Definitely no
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q16c. Do you think the money spent on the “national progrmmes ”
was:
1 Very well spent
2 Quite well spent
3 Not very well spent
4 Not at all well spent
5 Just stolen
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q17. (B2) How interested are you in politics?
1 Very interested
2 Somewhat interested
3 Not very interested
4 Not at all interested
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q18. Name five or six politicians you trust most. (Don’t read out)
Q19. Name five or six politicians you trust least. (Don’t read out)
1 Roman Abramovich
2 Sergei Baburin
3 Nikita Belykh
4 Boris Berezovsky
5 Andrei Bogdanov
6 Yegor Gaidar
7 Sergei Glazyev
8 German Gref
9 Tatyana Golikova
10 Mikhail Gorbachev
11 Boris Gryzlov
12 Vladimir Zhirinovsky
13 Aleksandr Zhukov
14 Viktor Zubkov
15 Mikhail Zurabov
16 Gennady Zyuganov
17 Sergei Ivanov
18 Garry Kasparov
19 Mikhail Kasyanov
20 Sergei Kirienko
21 Aleksei Kudrin
22 Sergei Lavrov
23 Vladimir Lukin
24 Yury Luzhkov
25 Aleksandr Lukashenka
26 Valentina Matvienko
27 Dmitry Medvedev
28 Sergei Mironov
29 Oleg Mitvol'
30 El'vira Nabiullina
31 Sergei Naryshkin
32 Boris Nemtsov
33 Gennady Onishchenko
34 Ella Pamfilova
35 Evgeny Primakov
36 Vladimir Putin
37 Dmitry Rogozin
38 Vladimir Ryzhkov
39 Gennady Semigin
40 Anatoly Serdyukov
41 Lyubov’ Sliska
42 Sergei Stepashin
43 Vyacheslav Surkov
44 Aman Tuleev
45 Mikhail Fradkov
46 Irina Khakamada
47 Mikhail Khodorkovsky
48 Nikolai Kharitonov
49 Yuri Chaika
50 Anatoly Chubais
51 Mintimer Shaimiev
52 Sergei Shoigu
53 Grigory Yavlinsky
54 Vasily Yakemenko
55 Other
56 No one
57 Not interested in politics
58 Don't know
Q20. (B11) Which broad political outlook are you most inclined to favour?
(SHOW CARD: Only one answer)
1 Pro-market,
2 Social democratic
3 Communist
4 Great power patriot
5 Environmentalist, green
6 Other
7 None
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q21. How would you assess the people who are in power now? (SHOW CARD, one
answer)
1 They’re concerned only with their material wellbeing and career advancement
2 Honest but weak people, unable to use power and ensure order in the country
3 Honest but incompetent people, who don’t know how to lead the country
out of its dependence on “raw material” exports
4 A good team of politicians, leading the country in the right direction
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q22. (E7) Do you think having regular elections makes politicians do what
people want?
1 To a large extent
2 To some extent
3 Not very much
4 Not at all
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q23. (B4e) To what extent would your agree or disagree that elections should
really give people a choice about who governs
1 Strongly agree
2 Somewhat agree
3 Somewhat disagree
4 Strongly disagree
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q24. Did you vote in the Duma election last December, and if yes, for which
party?
(SHOW CARD; parties as listed on the ballot; one answer)
1 Agrarian Party of Russia (Plotnikov-Brusnikov-Shandybin)
2 Civic Strength (Barshchevsky-Ryavkin-Pokhmelkin)
3 Democratic Party of Russia (Bogdanov-Smirnov-Gimazov)
4 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (Zyuganov-Alferov-Kharitonov)
5 Union of Right Forces (Belykh-Nemtsov-Chudakova)
6 Party of Social Fairness (Podberezkin-Leskov-Vorotnikov)
7 Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (Zhirinovsky-Lugovoi-Lebedev)
8 Fair Russia (Mironov-Goryacheva)
9 Patriots of Russia (Semigin-Seleznev-Makhovikov)
10 United Russia (Putin)
11 Yabloko (Yavlinsky-Kovalev-Ivanenko)
97 Spoiled ballot (GO TO QUESTION 29)
98 Didn’t vote
99 (DON'T READ) Don't remember/No answer
PARTVOT. Voted for a party
0 Does not name a party
1 Names a party
Q25. Did you vote in the election for the president of Russia on 2 March this
year, and if so, how did you vote?
1 Bogdanov
2 Zhirinovsky
3 Zyuganov
4 Medvedev
5 Spoiled ballot
6 (DON’T READ) Didn’t vote
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t remember, don’t know
ASK ONLY THOSE WHO DIDN’T VOTE
Q26. Why didn’t you vote in the presidential election? (Don’t
read, several answers possible)
1 Tired of politics, power struggles, kompromat and “dirt”
2 I never vote
3 Don’t believe my participation will affect the result
4 Don’t believe elections can change anything in our lives
5 The candidate I wanted to vote for wasn’t on the list
6 The candidate I wanted to vote for had no chance of winning
7 Hadn't chosen anyone to vote for
8 Don't trust any of the present politicians, didn’t want them as president
9 Putin wasn't standing in the election
10 Medvedev was going to win anyway, so why bother?
11 The elections were practically without choice and undemocratic
12 Wanted to protest against the way they “made” Medvedev president
13 Elections are not honest and results are falsified
14 Not interested in politics
15 Was busy with other matters, couldn’t vote
16 The polling station is far away from where I was on election day
17 Other
19 Don't know
ASK ONLY THOSE WHO VOTED
Q27. (If voted for a candidate) What influenced your decision to vote for
________(name of candidate)? Anything else? (Don’t read, several answers
possible)
1 His speeches on TV, in the press, on radio
2 Looked at his programme and understood what his election as president would
entail
3 His recent actions, specific steps, his meetings with voters
4 Understood it was the most reasonable choice in present circumstances
5 This candidate was supported by the party I voted for
6 This candidate was supported by Putin
7 Bosses forced me to vote for this candidate
8 Articles and public statements by specialists, commentators, scholars or
opinion surveys
9 I liked the candidates’ campaign materials
10 Found out that people close to me, whose opinions I listen to, were voting
for this candidate
11 Wanted to protest against the way they “made” Medvedev president
12 Other
13 Don’t know
Q28. (If voted for a candidate) When did you decide you would vote for that
candidate? (If spoiled ballot) When did you decide to spoil the ballot?
(SHOW CARD, one answer)
1 In 2007 before the Duma election
2 In 2007 after the Duma election
3 In January
4 Early to mid-February
5 In the week before the election
6 On election day
7 Only in the polling station
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
ASK ALL
Q29. Do you think the election of the president of Russia on 2 March took
place in an atmosphere of:
1 General excitement
2 General apathy
3 Without any particular emotions
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q30a. Who do you think brought Medvedev to the position of president of Russia:
ordinary voters or people now in power?
Q30b. And who do you think benefits from the fact that Medvedev will be president
of Russia: ordinary voters or people now in power?
1 Ordinary voters
2 People now in power
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q31. Do you think that central TV and radio gave all candidates equal opportunity
to announce their positions in advance of the elections, or that they gave
an unjustified advantage to particular candidates? To whom in particular?
(Don’t read, several answers possible)
1 Andrei Bogdanov
2 Vladimir Zhirinovsky
3 Gennady Zyuganov
4 Dmitry Medvedev
5 To everyone equally
6 Don’t know
Q32. (B9) Would you say that the presidential election earlier this month
was conducted fairly or not?
1 It was a fair election
2 To some extent fair
3 Not very fair
4 Not at all fair
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q33. Did you personally witness any violations on the eve of the elections
or on polling day, and if so, which were they? (Read out, pausing after each
one, note all that are named)
1 Campaigning on election day
2 Members of the election commission advising whom to vote for
3 People phoning voters to get them to come out and vote, or bringing the
ballot box to their house uninvited
4 Not allowing voters to take the ballot out of the polling station
5 “Ballot stuffing” using pre-prepared ballots
6 Not allowing independent observers into polling stations
7 Lots of mistakes and voters missing in the electoral rolls
8 Ballots given out to people not in the electoral rolls and not having the
affidavits confirming their right to vote
9 Allowing voters to vote for family members who were absent
10 Other (specify)_______________
11 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q34a. Do you think the elections of the president of Russia and of deputies
to the Duma are really conducted by secret ballot, so that no one knows, how
each individual citizen votes?
1 Definitely yes
2 Probably yes
3 Probably no
4 Definitely no
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q34b. Do you think you can be pursued in connection with your political views
if you don’t vote in the elections or do not vote in the way the authorities
would like?
1 Definitely yes
2 Probably yes
3 Probably no
4 Definitely no
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q31. Do you approve the performance of: (SHOW CARD)
a. Vladimir Putin as President of Russia?
b. The current government of Russia
1 Definitely approve
2 Somewhat approve
3 Somewhat disapprove
4 Definitely disapprove
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
FOR QUESTIONS 36 AND 37, ASK ABOUT EACH POLITICIAN IN TURN, AND ALTERNATE
THE ORDER
Q36. How would you describe your attitude to…? (SHOW CARD, one answer)
a. Vladimir Putin
b. Dmitry Medvedev
1 Delighted with him
2 I like him
3 Can’t say anything bad about him
4 Neutral, indifferent
5 I’m on my guard, half-expecting something bad
6 Can’t say anything good about him
7 I dislike him
8 I feel revulsion at him
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q37. To what extent do you trust: ?
a. Vladimir Putin
b. Dmitry Medvedev
1 Trust completely
2 Trust somewhat
3 Distrust somewhat
4 Distrust completely
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q38. On what problems do you think the new president of Russia should concentrate?
(SHOW CARD, several answers possible)
1 Economic growth, restoring the country’s economy
2 Establishing order in the country
3 Observance of laws by both citizens and the authorities
4 Restoring social fairness, improving the lives of ordinary people
5 Strengthening democracy, defending rights and freedoms of the individual
6 Strengthening Russia’s position in the international arena
7 Strengthening the country’s defence capability
8 Developing science, culture and education
9 Sorting out ethnic conflicts, fighting ethnic intolerance
10 Fighting crime
11 Fighting corruption
12 Protecting the inviolability of property, stimulating private enterprise
13 Spiritual rebirth of Russia
14 Protecting the environment
15 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q40. Do you think that after resigning from the post of president of Russia,
Putin should:
1 Give the reins of power in their entirety to Dmitry Medvedev
2 Try to keep the reins of power entirely for himself
3 Share power with Medevedev and keep some powers in his hands
9 (DON’T KNOW) Don’t read
Q41a. After the election of Dmitry Medvedev as president of Russia, who do
you think will hold real power in the country?
1 Putin
2 Medvedev
3 Both equally
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q41b. Do you think Dmitry Medvedev will continue Putin’s policies or
introduce completely new policies? (SHOW CARD, one answer)
1 Will continue Putin’s policies to the letter
2 Will continue Putin’s policies in the main
3 Will gradually change the direction of policy
4 Will introduce completely new policies
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q42. How would you assess the policies of Vladimir Putin in: … (SHOW
CARD)
a. Raising the living standards of the population
b. International relations
c. Ensuring security
d. Democracy and observance of human rights
1 Completely positive
2 Somewhat positive
3 Somewhat negative
4 Completely negative
9 Don’t know
Q43a. What would you say was Putin’s main achievement during the years
of his presidency? (SHOW CARD, one answer)
Q43b. And in what other areas did he have success? Anything else? Anything
else? (SHOW CARD, several answers possible)
Q43c. And in which of these areas were his actions least successful? Anything
else? Anything else? (SHOW CARD, several answers possible)
1 Economic development of the country
2 Raising citizens’ living standards, increasing salaries and pensions
3 Increasing optimism, hopes for rapid improvement in the country’s
situation
4 Enforcing order, maintaining a calm political situation
5 Creating acceptable conditions for development of private business
6 Reining in the “oligarchs”, limiting their influence
7 Fighting corruption and bribery
8 Fighting crime
9 Solving the Chechen problem
10 Raising the fighting capacity and reform of the armed forces
11 Defending democracy and the political freedoms of citizens
12 Eliminating the danger of terrorism in the country
13 Cooperation with other CIS countries
14 Improving Russia’s relations with countries of the West
15 Strengthening Russia’s international position
16 Strengthening relations between people of different ethnicity in Russia
17 Strengthening morality in the country
18 Other
19 (DON’T READ) Don’t see any achievements
20 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q44. It is said that the stabilization of this country’s situation in
recent years was linked to the rejection of democratic transformation and
market reforms.
a. Do you agree or disagree with the view that the situation in Russia has
stabilized in recent years?
b. Do you agree or disagree with the view that stabilization occurred thanks
to rejection of democratic transformations and market reforms?
1 Strongly agree
2 Somewhat agree
3 Somewhat disagree
4 Strongly disagree
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
c. Do you think that in the end this will be good or bad for Russia?
1 Definitely good
2 Probably good
3 Probably bad
4 Definitely bad
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q45. Do you think that in the years of Putin’s presidency, the gap between
rich and poor in our country got bigger, smaller or stayed the same as it
was under Yeltsin?
1 Increased
2 Decreased
3 Stayed the same
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q47. In the next presidential election, Vladimir Putin has the right to stand
again for the presidency. Would you want Putin to be elected president of
Russia again in the next election?
1 Yes
2 No
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q48. Here Is a scale ranking how well an economy works. The top, plus 100,
is the best and the bottom, minus 100, is the worst. Where on this scale would
you put:
a. The economic system before perestroika? (SHOW CARD with vertical scale)
100 The best
-100 Worst possible
999 (DON'T READ) Don't know
b. Our current economic system
100 The best
-100 Worst possible
999 (DON'T READ) Don't know
c. Our economic system in five years
100 The best
-100 Worst possible
999 (DON'T READ) Don't know
ECREACT. Reaction to economic change
1 Pro-market
2 Nostalgic
3 Doubly negative
4 Positively indifferent
Q49a. How has the material situation of your family changed in the past year?
1 Somewhat improved
2 Stayed the same
3 Somewhat worse
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q49b. How do you think the material situation of your family will change in
the next year?
1 Will probably improve
2 Will stay the same
3 Will probably get worse
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q49c. Speaking about economic conditions in the country as a whole, do you
think the next 12 months will be a good or bad time for the economy?
1 A good time
2 A good time, but not for everything
3 Neither good nor bad
4 A bad time, but not for everything
5 A bad time
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q49d. Speaking about the next five years, do you think they will be good,
neither good nor bad or a bad time for the economy?
1 A good time
2 Neither good nor bad
3 A bad time
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q49e. Speaking about large purchases for your house (such as furniture, a
fridge, household electronics, TV), do you think this is on the whole a good
time to make such purchases, neither a good nor a bad time, or a bad time?
1 A good time
2 Neither good nor bad
3 A bad time
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q50. What currency do you think is the best and safest for keeping one’s
savings?
1 Roubles
2 Dollars
3 Euro
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q51. (B3) Here is a scale for ranking how our system of government works.
The top, plus 100, is the best; the bottom, minus 100, the worst. B3a. Where
on this scale would you put:
a. the former political system that we had before the start of perestroika?
(SHOW CARD with vertical scale)
100 The best
-100 Worst possible
999 (DON'T READ) Don't know
b. our current system of governing?
100 The best
-100 Worst possible
999 (DON'T READ) Don't know
c. our system of governing five years in the future?
100 The best
-100 Worst possible
999 (DON'T READ) Don't know
REACTTYP. Political reaction typology .
1 Pro-change
2 Sceptics
3 Compliant
4 Reactionary
LEADLAG. Leading versus lagging democrats
Leading democrats
Lagging democrats
Opponents
Q52. Here is a scale ranging from a low of 1 to a high 10: 1 means complete
dictatorship and 10 means complete democracy. (SHOW CARD with horizontal scale)
a. Where would you like our political system to be?
1 Complete dictatorship
10 Complete democracy
99 Don't know
b. Where would you place our country at the present time?
1 Complete dictatorship
10 Complete democracy
99 Don't know
GAP. Desired minus achieved democracy
-9 Too much democracy
9 Too little democracy
Q53. (B4) Our present system of government is not the only one that this country
has had. Some people say that we would be better off if the country was governed
differently. What do you think? (SHOW CARD)
a. We should return to Communist rule
1 Strongly agree
2 Somewhat agree
3 Somewhat agree
4 Strongly disagree
9 Don't know
b. A tough dictatorship is best in our current situation
1 Strongly agree
2 Somewhat agree
3 Somewhat agree
4 Strongly disagree
9 Don't know
d. The army should govern the country
1 Strongly agree
2 Somewhat agree
3 Somewhat agree
4 Strongly disagree
9 Don't know
NPRAUTH. Number of alternative regimes supported
3
2
1
0
NPRAUTH2. Number of alternative regimes supported
4
3
2
1
0
Q54. To what extent do you trust each of the following institutions to look
after your interests? Please indicate on a scale with 1 for no trust at all
and 7 great trust. (SHOW CARD with horizontal scale)
a . Political parties
1 No trust
7 Complete trust
9 Don't know
b . Army
1 No trust
7 Complete trust
9 Don't know
c . Parliament
1 No trust
7 Complete trust
9 Don't know
Q54bcol. Trust parties, collapsed .
-1 Distrust
0 Neutral
1 Trust
Q54ccol. Trust army, collapsed.
-1 Distrust
0 Neutral
1 Trust
Q54dcol. Trust parliament, collapsed.
-1 Distrust
0 Neutral
1 Trust
Q55. (E4) Some people think this country would be better governed if parliament
were closed down and all parties were abolished. How likely do you think this
is to happen in the next few years?
1 Very likely
2 Maybe
3 Not very likely
4 Not at all likely
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q56. (E5) If Parliament was closed down and parties abolished, would you:
1 Definitely approve
2 Somewhat approve
3 Somewhat disapprove
4 Definitely disapprove
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
DEMTYP. Typology of supporters
Confident supporters
Anxious supporters
Hopeful authoritarians
Dejected authoritarians
REPEFF. Representative or effective supporters .
Pro-parliament
Effective leadership
Alienated
Authoritarian
Q57. (B6) Compared to our system of government before perestroika, would you
say our current system is better, much the same, or worse than the old system
in terms of whether everybody has a right to say what they think. (SHOW CARD)
1 Much better
2 Somewhat better
3 Much the same
4 Somewhat worse
5 Much worse
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q58. (B7) Under our present system of government do you think people like
yourself are treated equally and fairly by government?
1 Definitely agree
2 Somewhat agree
3 Disagree somewhat
4 Definitely disagree
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q59. (B8) Under our present system of government how much influence do you
think people like yourself can have on government?
1 A lot of influence
2 Some influence
3 Not much influence
4 No influence
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q60. (D2) How proud are you of being a citizen of this country?
1 Very proud
2 Somewhat proud
3 Not very proud
4 Not at all proud
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q61. (C6) Do you think Russian life today is that of a normal society?
1 Definitely normal (?GO TO QUESTION 62a)
2 Fairly normal
3 Only a little
4 Not at all normal
9 (DON’T READ) Don't know
ASK IF did not say “definitely normal” in Q61a:
Q61b. (C7) How long do you think it will be before Russia becomes a normal
society? (SHOW CARD)
1 1 to 2 years
2 3 to 5 years
3 5 to 10 years
4 Will never be normal
5 Don't know if it will ever be normal
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q62a. (C3) How widespread do you think bribe-taking and corruption are?
1 Very few public officials are corrupt
2 Less than half are corrupt
3 Most public officials are engaged in it
4 Almost all public officials are engaged
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q62b. (C3a) In the past two years have you or anyone in your household had
to pay a bribe to get a public official (such as local government, state education,
health or social security officials, police etc.) to do something?
1 Yes
2 No
3 Haven’t had any contacts
9 (DON’T READ) No answer
Q63. How on the whole do you feel about: (SHOW CARD)
a. the United States of America
b. Ukraine
1 Very good
2 Basically good
3 Basically bad
4 Very bad
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q64. (C5) Some say that Russia's future lies with the countries of Western
Europe. Others think it lies with countries in the Commonwealth of Independent
States (CIS). Which is closer to your view?
1 Definitely CIS
2 More with CIS
3 More with Western Europe
4 Definitely Western Europe
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
Q65. With which of the following opinions about relations between Russia and
Ukraine would you agree most?
1 Relations between Russia and Ukraine should be the same as with other countries,
with closed borders, visas and customs
2 Russia and Ukraine should be independent, but friendly states, with open
borders, without visas and customs
3 Russia and Ukraine should be united in one state
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
Q67. How big a threat to the security of Russia would the following countries’
joining NATO be? (SHOW CARD)
a. Ukraine
b. Georgia
1 A serious threat
2 Some threat
3 Not a very serious threat
4 No threat at all
9 Don’t know
Q68. Do you think that criticism by the Western public and politicians of
the situation in Russia with regard to democracy and the observance of human
rights is an interference in Russia’s internal affairs?
1 Definitely yes
2 Probably yes
3 Probably no
4 Definitely no
9 (DON’T READ) Don’t know
S1. Gender
1 Male
2 Female
S2. Age
S3. Education
1 Primary or lower
2 Incomplete secondary
3 Incomplete secondary, vocational
4 Complete secondary, vocational
5 Complete academic secondary
6 Technical college
7 Higher incomplete
8 University degree
EDUCTRI. Education trichotomized .
1 Primary or vocational secondary
2 Academic secondary, tekhnikum
3 Higher
qD4a. What is your economic status?
1 Independent entrepreneur
2 Director, manager
3 Specialist without management functions
4 In the army, police or prosecutor's office
5 Office worker without specialist education
6 Worker (including skilled workers, and workers in agriculture)
7 Student
8 Old age pensioner, not working
9 Disabled pensioner, not working
10 Housewife
11 Unemployed, seeking work
qD4b. Are you the breadwinner in your household (the person who brings home
the main income). If not, what is the economic status of the breadwinner?
1 Independent entrepreneur
2 Director, manager
3 Specialist without management functions
4 In the army, police or prosecutor's office
5 Office worker without specialist education
6 Worker (including skilled workers, and workers in agriculture)
7 Student
8 Old age pensioner, not working
9 Disabled pensioner, not working
10 Housewife
11 Unemployed, seeking work
12 I am the breadwinner
qD6. What is your marital status? (SHOW CARD)
1 Married
2 Live together but not married
3 Widow(er)
4 Divorced
5 Live apart but not divorced
6 Never married
qD7a. How many people live with you including yourself and any children?
(If lives alone, write “1” and go to question D8).
___________persons
qD7acol. Number of persons in household.
1
2
3
4
5
6+ Six or more
qD7b. And how many children under 16 live with you in your family?
___________children
99 No children under 16
qD7bcol. Number of children under 16.
0
1
2
3+
qD8. To which of the following groups would you say you belong (SHOW CARD,
one answer)
1 Barely make ends meet. Not enough money even for food.
2 Enough for food, but buying clothing causes financial difficulties
3 Enough for food and clothing, but buying durables goods (TV, fridge) is
a problem for us
4 Can buy durable goods, but acquiring really expensive things is hard for
us
5 We can afford quite expensive things—an apartment, dacha, etc.
qD9. What is the total average monthly income of your family from all sources?
_______________ roubles
QUA. Household income quartile.
1 Lowest income
2
3
4 Highest income
qD10. (G15) There are people in a high position in this society and others
who have a low status. Where would you put yourself on this ladder? (SHOW
CARD with vertical ladder as below):
7 Highest status
6
5
4
3
2
1 Lowest status
9 (DON'T READ) Don't know
SURVEY INSTITUTE RECORDS:
Obl. Oblast
FO. Region
1 Northwest
2 Central
3 Southern
4 Volga
5 Ural
6 Siberia
7 Far East
RNP. Size of settlement
1 Moscow
2 Cities over 500,000 persons
3 Cities, 100,000-499,999
4 Cities up to 100,000
5 Villages